Simplex valving circuit

ABSTRACT

A rotating spindle shaft is used as a valving mechanism for dispensing finite quantities of fluidized alkaline metals at regular spaced intervals into a reaction chamber for hydrolyzation to produce intense discrete surges of direct current flow.

CROSS REFERENCES

-   Ref. 1 U.S. Pat. No. 6,831,825 Fuel Cell Ionic Capacitor-   Ref. 2 U.S. Pat. No. 8,071,041 Potassium Electric Generator and    Chemical Synthesizer-   Ref. 3. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/806,834 Alkaline Metal    Fuel Pulse Generator filed Aug. 23, 2010 published Apr. 7, 2011

CLAIM OF PRIORITY

The present application claims priority from U.S. application Ser. No.12/587,102 filed Oct. 2, 2009 Publication US-2011-0079747 A1 PublicationDate Apr. 7, 2011 the content of which is hereby amended andincorporated by reference into this application.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

An electrical current is generated at regular intervals to produceintense individual pulses of direct current electron flow that isreleased during the cyclic hydrolysis of small quantities of fluidizedalkaline metals, Li, Na, K, and with mixtures of alkaline earth metals,Ca and Mg, in a reaction chamber. The mechanism used for dispensing thesaid alkaline metals into the said reaction chamber is a rotativelymounted spindle shaft having an orifice which opens and closes the flowof liquid alkaline metals through a valve block passages producingdiscrete segmented flowing quantities of the said fluidized alkalinemetals at evenly spaced controlled intervals.

The liquid medium flowing through the spindle shaft orifice and valveblock passages are heated alkaline metals, principally sodium (Na) at210° F. or potassium and sodium mixtures that exist in the liquid stateat normal room temperature. The alkaline metal enters the simplexgenerator valve block at its inlet passage and passes into a rotatingspindle shaft orifice and exits the valve block exit passage as finitequantities of pulsed flow which are approximately equivalent involumetric measure to the spindle shaft orifice volume. The pulsed flowexits the simplex generator at regularly spaced intervals correspondingto the rate of rotation of the spindle shaft. One complete revolution ofthe spindle shaft in the valve block opens and closes the alkaline metalflow circuit through the valve block two times. The spindle shaft isrotated at 30 rpm opening and closing the flow 60 times in one minuteproducing 60 pulses at 1 hz intervals.

Alkaline metal flow to the simplex generator valve block inlet passageis induced by a low volume high pressure pumping system. The pressurizedmetal flow passes out of the simplex generator valve block exit passagein regularly spaced finite pulses into an injector where it ishydrolyzed by an impinging water jet. The alkaline metals entering theinjector react exothermally with the injector water spray duringhydrolyzation rupturing the hydrogen to oxygen bonds of the watermolecules releasing electrons (e⁻) and positive charged subatomicprotons (H⁺) as shown in Eq. 1.

Na+H₂O→NaOH+H⁺ +e ⁻  Eq. 1

Simplex generators are best used in direct current electrical generationfor transformer operation, a task most generally reserved foralternating current (ac) circuits. Pulsing direct current transformersare more efficient than alternating current transformers because thecurrent flow is only in one direction such that hysteresis losses arelow where the transformer iron core magnetic field reversal does notoccur during the period of spindle shaft off flow and therefore does notinhibit the high rate of collapsing magnetic field lines of forcecutting across a stationary metal conductor. The electrical currentreleased during hydrolyzation is equal to the electrochemicalequivalence of the energy stored in a given quantity of alkaline metalduring electrolysis reduction necessary to reduce the metal to itselemental state. The stored energy in the reduced metal is releasedduring hydrolysis of the metal resulting in oxidation and return to theoriginal energy level in accordance with the First Law ofThermodynamics. The stored energy released in the hydrolysis reaction isused to chemically separate by hydrolysis the hydrogen to oxygen bond(H—O) of water which is about 110 kcal. The hydrolysis of sodium (Na) isused as a typical example of Group 1 alkaline metals (Li, Na, K)presented as Eq. 1 and also with alkaline earth metals of Group II (Mg,Ca) in accordance with their respective equivalent chemical bondingvalences relative to Eq. 1.

If Eq. 1 is allowed to proceed through a series of intermediateionization equilibrium reactions the fully reacted system will settle tothe lowest potential energy level and no useful energy can be extractedfrom the process. In order to prevent the reaction of Eq. 1 fromproceeding to equilibrium electron charges (e⁻) are removed as staticcharges from the strakes of the capacitor tuyere of Ref. 2.

The dissociated fluid products of Eq. 1 are passed into an ioniccapacitor of Ref. 1 which is installed in the fluid circuit in Ref. 2and is hereinafter referred to as a “tuyere”. The negative charges (e⁻)of Eq. 1 are transferred from the charged tuyere metal strake surfacesto dielectric capacitors of Ref. 2. The tuyere strakes and dielectriccapacitor systems function in unison and are hereinafter referred to asa “capacitor tuyere”. The capacitor tuyere is used to produce freeelectron charges (e⁻) for electrical generation and also for thesimultaneous production of open bonded positive charged ions for organicsynthesis.

Electric dc current produced by the “Simplex Generator Set” is moreefficient because a field charge has no mass and therefore the durationof magnetic retention cutting across a fixed metal conductor is equal tothe spindle shaft maximum induced amplitude (Q_(o)) and the usefulperiod of transmission (Qt) is of longer duration. The cyclic durationQ_(t) is approximately given by the expression of Eq. 2.

Q _(t) =Q _(o)∈^(−bt)  Eq. 2

Where Qt is spaced at 1 hz intervals, Q_(o) is maximum amplitude, and(b) is a constant decrement of retention of the conductor circuit dieaway factor∈=^(−bt).

The amount of electric current produced when a conductor cuts across thelines of force of a magnetic field varies proportionately with the rateat which the lines of forces are cut. Generator armature wire conductorfields have mass (m). The rotative effort (F) of an armature is anexponential function of the product of the rotational speed (v²) atwhich the mass (m) armature rotates through the magnetic field lines offorce (F=mv²). Because the simplex generator does not employ a rotatingmass its generating capacity depends only on the rate of the speed ofthe magnetic lines of force in the collapsing pulse die-away factorwhich cuts across the primary winding that is being inducted into thesecondary winding of a transformer or of an inductive motor fieldwindings. Generator armature masses move in a restricted circular arcwhich is determined by the number of rotor or stator fields, resultingin a constantly changing rate of magnetic force lines of cleavageproducing a variable combined vectored momentum of individual impulsesof torque. The physical weight of generator armature mass inducedimpulses encumber the efficiency of the system by higher kinetic massmomentum loss which is additive to the iron core hysteresis loss. Theselosses are eliminated in the present invention by reversing the systemcomponent operating function. The magnetic field is moved through astationary conductor mass at a very high rate when the magnetic fieldcollapses during the off period of fluid flow through the spindle shaftorifice channel.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is the primary object of the invention to provide a novel means ofdispensing finite quantities of chemically reactive alkaline metalfluids into a reaction chamber at regularly spaced intervals through anorifice of a spindle shaft rotating unidirectionally in a valvingcircuit at a constant rate.

It is another object of the invention to use a spindle shaft rotating atconstant speed and having an orifice which opens and closes the flow ofan alkaline metal fluid circuit to a hydrolyzation chamber to generate apulsed release of electrochemical equivalent electron flow to produce apulsing direct current electrical circuit.

It is yet another object of the invention to chemically generate atevenly spaced intervals a strong electromagnetic discharge of negativecharged electrons and an associative stream of positive charged ions forelectrophoretic synthesis.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Five drawings are presented. The proprietary novel features of theinvention are presented in FIGS. 1-3 which describe the features of thevalving circuit. FIGS. 4 and 5 are supplementary drawings used todescribe how the valving circuit is to be used.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a spindle shaft and valving orifice.

FIG. 2 is a cross-section of FIG. 1

FIG. 3 is an assembly drawing of the spindle shaft mounted in a blockcomprising the valving elements of a simplex valving circuit shownprincipally in cross-section.

FIG. 4 is a drawing of the simplex valving circuit assembled within thedual electrical generating and chemical synthesis circuits.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of the 1 hz dc pulsing capability of the inventionto create strong electrical impact surges necessary for electrophoreticsynthesis and efficient grid transfer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 is a side view of spindle shaft 1 which has an orifice 2 drilledperpendicular through its axis as shown in FIG. 2 cross-section. Spindleshaft 1 is rotatively mounted in valve block 14 as shown in FIG. 3.Spindle shaft 1 is rotated in valve block 14 by worm gear 4. Valve block14 has an inlet port 5 and exit port 6 that are aligned at the samehorizontal elevation of orifice 2 such that when gear 4 rotates onerevolution inlet port 5 is opened and closed twice allowing flow of analkaline metal through orifice 2 and out at exit port 6. Spindle shaft 1is in rotative contact 7 with valve block 14 at sealing surface contactat two points. Stationary Teflon seals 8 mounted around the stems ofspindle shaft 1 and held in compressive load by compression springs 9.Vertical alignment of spindle shaft 1 orifice 2 with valve block 14inlet port 5 and exit port 6 is achieved by adjustment screw 12tightening spindle shaft 1 against needle bearing 10 at notch 15.

FIG. 4 is the Simplex Valving Circuit of FIG. 3 placed in processassembly with the injector block 14 which is in turn bolted to capacitortuyere 17. Alkaline metal flows through exit port 6 of valve block 14and passes through injector block 13 into hydrolyzation chamber 16 whereit is mixed with CO₂ and N₂ and passes into the capacitor tuyere 17inner tubular structure which hold ionic capacitor finned surfaceshereinafter called capacitor strakes 18. The capacitor strakes 18 absorbelectron charges from the hydrolyzation products which are transferredto dielectric capacitors 22 as pulsed 1 hz current surges. The currentsurges produced are carried out of the dielectric capacitors by dc pulseconductor 21. The remaining hydrolyzation products are positive chargedionic stream 20 which exits the capacitor turyere 17 through nozzle 19.

FIG. 5 is a graphical chart of 1 hz electrical pulses where b is aconstant of decrement in the die-away of electrical shock currenthydrolyzation pulse generated by the Simplex Valving Circuit.

Numbered Elements of the Invention

-   1. shaft-   2. orifice-   3. valve plate-   4. gear-   5. inlet port-   6. exit port-   7. contact point-   8. seal-   9. springs-   10. needle bearing-   11. - - --   12. adjustment screw-   13. injector block-   14. valve block-   15. spacing notch-   16. hydrolyzation chamber-   17. capacitor tuyere-   18. capacitor strakes-   19. nozzle-   20. positive ion stream-   21. dc pulse conductor-   22. dielectric capacitors

What is claimed is:
 1. (canceled)
 2. (canceled)
 3. (canceled) 4.(canceled)
 5. (canceled)
 6. (canceled)
 7. (canceled)
 8. (canceled) 9.(canceled)
 10. (canceled)
 11. A rotatively mounted spindle shaft in avalve block, the spindle shaft being turned by a gear, an orificepassing perpendicularly through the longitudinal axes at the middle ofthe length of the spindle shaft, the valve block having aligned inletand outlet port passages that are also in alignment with the spindleshaft orifice, rotation of the spindle shaft opens and closes the flowthrough the valve block producing a pulsed fluid flow, the pulsed fluidflow passing through the valve block is an alkaline metal induced by alow volume high pressure pumping system, rotation of the spindle shaftproduces a periodic opening and closing of alkaline metal flow throughthe valve block in a pulsed flow in concert with the rate of rotation ofthe spindle shaft, the alkaline metal passes out of the injector into ahydrolyzation chamber where it is hydrolyzed by an impinging water jetforming dissociated products of the water molecule, the dissociationproducts mixed with heated carbon dioxide carrier gas are dischargedinto a capacitor tuyere, the electrons released in the hydrolyzationreactions are electrostatically absorbed on the capacitor tuyerestrakes, the electrons absorbed on the strakes are electricallyconducted into a dielectric circuit for electrical generation.
 12. Claim11 in which the carrier gas positive ion steam passes out of capacitortuyere through an expansion nozzle into the ambient atmosphere. 13.Claim 11 in which the heated CO₂ carrier gas passes out of the capacitortuyere through a nozzle as an open bonded proton charged diffuse mixturefor organic synthesis.